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After entering Canada with an immigrant visa, you will automatically receive the status of Canadian permanent resident. This enables you with all the rights of a Canadian citizen except the right to vote and the right to work for the police and the security services. You can use all privileges as health care and children's' education free of charge, social assistance for your unemployment periods, child benefits etc.
After three years of physical residence in Canada , you can apply for Canadian citizenship . Since Canada permits the double citizenship, you can preserve the citizenship of your native country.
Just to make a comparison, the USA residents receive their American passports after 5 years of physical residence there. Canada is one of the few countries, where you can obtain citizenship for quite a short time. The citizenship is life-long and it can not be lost.
What are the conditions for not loosing your status of Canadian Permanent Resident?
In order to keep your status of Canadian Permanent resident, you are obliged to reside physically in Canada two years of every five-year period . If your circumstances do not allow you to reside two years for every five-year period, you can reinstate your status with the procedure of Returning Resident Permit.
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